Cyclarhis Gujanensis Bird

English Name:  Rufous-browed Peppershrike
Latin Name:  Cyclarhis gujanensis
Protonym:  Tanagra gujanensis Syst.Nat. 1 pt2 p.893
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Vireonidae / Cyclarhis
Taxonomy Code:  rubpep1
Type Locality:  'Guyane'' ; French Guiana designated by Hellmayr, 1935, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 8, p. 200.
Author:  Gmelin, JF
Publish Year:  1789
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

CYCLARHIS
(Vireonidae; Ϯ Rufous-browed Peppershrike C. gujanensis) Gr. κυκλος kuklos  circle; ῥις rhis, ῥινος rhinos  nostrils; “Another deviation from Lanius may be seen in the Sourcirou of M. Le Vaillant, introduced in the Ois. d'Afrique, (2. pl. 76. f. 2.) though in reality a native of America; it is the Tanagra Guianensis of Latham, and it is remarkable for its round, naked nostrils, and the tooth of its bill being nearly obsolete; it has the wings of Lanius, and the tail of Falcunculus; this type I have called Cyclarhis.*  I am unacquainted with any other kindred birds from the new world   ...   *The characters of such new Genera as may be proposed, will be given in the next number, accompanied by figures of their bills, &c.” (Swainson 1824); "Cyclarhis Swainson, 1824, Zool. Journ, 1, p. 294. Type, by monotypy, Tanagra gujanensis Gmelin." (Blake in Peters, 1968, XIV, p. 103).
Var. Cyclaris, Cycloris, Cyclorhis, Cyclorrhis, Cychloris.
Synon. Laniagra.

gujana / gujanensis / gujanus
Guianas.
● ex “Small green and crimson Humming-bird” of Bancroft 1769, and “Gujana Humming-bird” of Latham 1782 (syn. Chrysolampis mosquitus).
● ex “Verderoux” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Grey-headed Tanager” of Latham 1783 (Cyclarhis).
● ex “Partridge of Gujana” of Bancroft 1769, “Tocro” or “Perdrix de la Guyane” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Guiana Partridge” of Latham 1783 (Odontophorus).
● ex “Psittaca aquarum Lupiarum insulae” of Brisson 1760, and “Green Parrot of Gujana” of Bancroft 1769 (syn. Psittacara euops).
● ex “Psittaca gujanensis” of Brisson 1760, “Perruche de la Guyane” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pll. 167, 407, “Perruche pavouane” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Pavouane Parrot” of Latham 1781 (syn. Psittacara leucophthamus).
● ex “Rouge-queue de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 686, fig. 2, and de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Gujana Red-tail” of Latham 1783 (Synallaxis).
● Erroneous TL. Guiana (= San Domingo); ex “Grive de la Guyane” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 398, fig. 1, and de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Gujana Thrush” of Latham 1783 (syn. Dulus dominicus).
● ex “Tête-chêvre roux de la Guyane” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 733, “Montvoyau de la Guyane” of de Buffon 1770-1786, and “Gujana Goatsucker” of Latham 1783 (unident.; Caprimulgidae).

SUBSPECIES

Rufous-browed Peppershrike (Northern)
Latin Name: Cyclarhis gujanensis [gujanensis Group]
CYCLARHIS
(Vireonidae; Ϯ Rufous-browed Peppershrike C. gujanensis) Gr. κυκλος kuklos  circle; ῥις rhis, ῥινος rhinos  nostrils; “Another deviation from Lanius may be seen in the Sourcirou of M. Le Vaillant, introduced in the Ois. d'Afrique, (2. pl. 76. f. 2.) though in reality a native of America; it is the Tanagra Guianensis of Latham, and it is remarkable for its round, naked nostrils, and the tooth of its bill being nearly obsolete; it has the wings of Lanius, and the tail of Falcunculus; this type I have called Cyclarhis.*  I am unacquainted with any other kindred birds from the new world   ...   *The characters of such new Genera as may be proposed, will be given in the next number, accompanied by figures of their bills, &c.” (Swainson 1824); "Cyclarhis Swainson, 1824, Zool. Journ, 1, p. 294. Type, by monotypy, Tanagra gujanensis Gmelin." (Blake in Peters, 1968, XIV, p. 103).
Var. Cyclaris, Cycloris, Cyclorhis, Cyclorrhis, Cychloris.
Synon. Laniagra.

Rufous-browed Peppershrike (Cozumel I.)
Latin Name: Cyclarhis gujanensis insularis
insularis
L. insularis  of an island  < insula, insulae  island.
● Ceylon (= Sri Lanka) (syn. Accipiter badius, subsp. Chloropsis aurifrons, subsp. Dicrurus caerulescens, subsp. Prinia inornata).
● New Caledonia (syn. Accipiter fasciatus vigilax).
● Phu-Quoc I., Cochin China (=Vietnam) (subsp. Aethopyga siparaja).
● Andaman Is., Bay of Bengal (subsp. Amaurornis phoenicurus).
● Bahrain, Arabian Gulf (subsp. Ammomanes deserti)
● Erroneous TL. Madagascar (= Zanzibar) (subsp. Andropadus importunus).
● Santa Cruz I., Channel Is., California, USA (subsp. Aphelocoma californica, subsp. Eremophila alpestris).
● Rennell I., Solomon Is. (Aplonis).
● Jobi I. (= Japen = Yapen), New Guinea (Arses, subsp. Pachycephalopsis hattamensis).
● Sardinia (Bubo).
● Fernando Póo (= Bioko), Gulf of Guinea (syn. Campethera tullbergi, syn. Cinnyris chloropygius).
● Isla Cozumel, Quintana Roo, Mexico (syn. Cathartes aura, subsp. Cyclarhis gujanensis).
● Aldabra, Indian Ocean (subsp. Centropus toulou).
● Sardinia (syn. Coccothraustes coccothraustes).
● Grand Cayman, Caribbean Sea (subsp. Columbina passerina).
● New Britain, Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea (Corvus).
● Formosa/Taiwan (subsp. Dendrocopos leucotos, Myophonus, syn. Garrulus bispecularis).
● Borneo (syn. Dicrurus paradiseus).
● Nicobar Is., Bay of Bengal (syn. Ducula aenea nicobarica).
● Corsica (syn. Emberiza calandra, syn. Saxicola rubicola).
● Socotra (subsp. Emberiza tahapisi, Passer).
● Weda Is., Halmahera, Indonesia (syn. Eos squamata).
● Tres Marías Is., Nayarit, Mexico (Forpus, subsp. Myadestes occidentalis, subsp. Nyctidromus albicollis, subsp. Pachyramphus aglaiae, subsp. Setophaga pitiayumi, syn. Zenaida asiatica).
● Lord Howe I., Tasman Sea (syn. Fregetta grallaria, ‡Gerygone).
● Rottnest I., Western Australia (syn. Gavicalis virescens).
● Meco I., Quintana Roo, Mexico (subsp. Habia fuscicauda).
● Ship I., off Gulfport, Mississippi, USA (syn. Hirundo rustica erythrogaster).
● Tobago (Hylophilus, subsp. Platyrinchus mystaceus, subsp. Psarocolius decumanus).
● Isla Guadalupe, Baja California, Mexico (Junco).
● Isla Margarita, Venezuela (syn. Leptotila verreauxi,  subsp. Quiscalus lugubris).
● New Providence, Bahamas (sym. Leuconotopicus villosus maynardi).
● King I., Bass Strait, Australia (syn. Melithreptus brevirostris).
● Kangean Is., Java Sea, Indonesia (subsp. Oriolus chinensis).
● Fergusson I., D'Entrecasteaux Is., Papua New Guinea (Otidiphaps).
● Mahé I., Seychelles (Otus).
● Kodiak I., Alaska, USA (subsp. Passerella unalaschcensis).
● Honshu, Japan (subsp. Periparus ater).
● Stewart I., New Zealand (syn. Poodytes punctatus).
● Henderson I., Pitcairn Group, Pacific Ocean (Ptilinopus).
● Naochow I., Kwangtung, China (syn. Pycnonotus aurigaster resurrectus).
● Banggai I., North Borneo (syn. Pycnonotus plumosus hachisukae).
● Madagascar (Sarothrura, subsp. Thalassornis leuconotus).
● Forsyth I., Bass Strait, Australia (syn. Sericornis frontalis).
● Grand Bahama I., Bahamas (Sitta).
● Trinidad (syn. Sporophila intermedia).
● Nias I., Sumatra (subsp. Terpsiphone affinis).
● Terangan I., Aru Is., Indonesia (syn. Todiramphus macleayii).
● Isla Socorro, Colima, Mexico (syn. Troglodytes sissonii).
● Erroneous TL. São Vicente, Cape Verde Is. (= St. Vincent, West Indies) (subsp. Tyto glaucops).
● Vancouver I., British Columbia, Canada (syn. Vireo huttoni).
● Stephens I., Cook Strait, New Zealand (‡syn. Xenicus lyalli).
● Curaçao, Dutch Antilles (subsp. Zonotrichia capensis).
● Tanegashima, south of Kyushu, Japan (subsp. Zosterops japonicus).

Rufous-browed Peppershrike (Yellow-backed)
Latin Name: Cyclarhis gujanensis [virenticeps Group]
CYCLARHIS
(Vireonidae; Ϯ Rufous-browed Peppershrike C. gujanensis) Gr. κυκλος kuklos  circle; ῥις rhis, ῥινος rhinos  nostrils; “Another deviation from Lanius may be seen in the Sourcirou of M. Le Vaillant, introduced in the Ois. d'Afrique, (2. pl. 76. f. 2.) though in reality a native of America; it is the Tanagra Guianensis of Latham, and it is remarkable for its round, naked nostrils, and the tooth of its bill being nearly obsolete; it has the wings of Lanius, and the tail of Falcunculus; this type I have called Cyclarhis.*  I am unacquainted with any other kindred birds from the new world   ...   *The characters of such new Genera as may be proposed, will be given in the next number, accompanied by figures of their bills, &c.” (Swainson 1824); "Cyclarhis Swainson, 1824, Zool. Journ, 1, p. 294. Type, by monotypy, Tanagra gujanensis Gmelin." (Blake in Peters, 1968, XIV, p. 103).
Var. Cyclaris, Cycloris, Cyclorhis, Cyclorrhis, Cychloris.
Synon. Laniagra.

Rufous-browed Peppershrike (Chaco)
Latin Name: Cyclarhis gujanensis viridis/cearensis
CYCLARHIS
(Vireonidae; Ϯ Rufous-browed Peppershrike C. gujanensis) Gr. κυκλος kuklos  circle; ῥις rhis, ῥινος rhinos  nostrils; “Another deviation from Lanius may be seen in the Sourcirou of M. Le Vaillant, introduced in the Ois. d'Afrique, (2. pl. 76. f. 2.) though in reality a native of America; it is the Tanagra Guianensis of Latham, and it is remarkable for its round, naked nostrils, and the tooth of its bill being nearly obsolete; it has the wings of Lanius, and the tail of Falcunculus; this type I have called Cyclarhis.*  I am unacquainted with any other kindred birds from the new world   ...   *The characters of such new Genera as may be proposed, will be given in the next number, accompanied by figures of their bills, &c.” (Swainson 1824); "Cyclarhis Swainson, 1824, Zool. Journ, 1, p. 294. Type, by monotypy, Tanagra gujanensis Gmelin." (Blake in Peters, 1968, XIV, p. 103).
Var. Cyclaris, Cycloris, Cyclorhis, Cyclorrhis, Cychloris.
Synon. Laniagra.

Rufous-browed Peppershrike (Ochre-crowned)
Latin Name: Cyclarhis gujanensis ochrocephala
ochrocephala / ochrocephalus
Gr. ωχρος ōkhros pale-yellow; -κεφαλος -kephalos -headed < κεφαλη kephalē head.
● ex “Perroquet Amazone du Brésil” of Brisson 1760, “Amazone à tête jaune” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Yellow-headed Amazons Parrot” of Latham 1781 (Amazona).
● ex “Yellow-headed Fly-catcher” of Latham 1783 (Mohoua).
● ex “Yellow-crowned Thrush” of Brown 1776, and Latham 1783 (syn. Trachycomus zeylanicus).