Tersina Viridis Bird
Tersina Viridis Bird
English Name:
Latin Name:
Protonym: Hirundo viridis ProdromusSyst.Mamm.Av. p.229
Taxonomy: Passeriformes / Thraupidae / Tersina
Taxonomy Code: swatan1
Type Locality: based on ''L''Hirondelle verte'' of Temminck Sandwich Island ; error, eastern Brazil substituted by Hellmayr, 1936, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 9, p. 1.
Author: Illiger
Publish Year: 1811
IUCN Status: Least Concern
DEFINITIONS
TERSINA
(Thraupidae; Ϯ Swallow Tanager T. viridis) French name “Tersine” given to an unidentified species by de Buffon 1770-1783 < L. tersus neat, clean < tergere to clean; "TERSINE, Tersina, Vieill. Genre de l'ordre des oiseaux SYLVAINS, et de la famille des BACCIVORES. Caractères: bec court, très-déprimé à sa base, caréné en dessus, à bords fléchis en dedans; mandibule supérieure rétrécie, inclinée et échancrée vers son bout; l'inférieure plate en dessous, aiguë, et retroussée à son extrémité; bouche très-fendue; narines larges, situées près du capistrum, couvertes d'une membrane, et en partie cachées sous les plumes du front; langue très-courte, étroite, bifide à sa pointe; quatre doigts, trois devant, une derrière, les extérieurs réunis à leur base; la première rémige la plus longue de toutes. La TERSINE BLEUE, Tersina cærulea, Vieill.; pl. P. 20, n.º 1 de ce Dictionnaire." (Vieillot 1819); "LES PROCNÉS OU TERSINES (4) ... La seule espèce de ce genre a été inconnue à Buffon. L'oiseau que cet auteur décrit sous le nom de tersine est un tangara. La tersine bleue (5) des naturalistes modernes. ... (4) Procnias, Hoff., Illig., Temm. Tersina, Vieill. Tersa, ibid., Analy. d'ornith. (5) P. ventralis, Illig., Licht., Cat. n. 585. Ampelis tersa, L. Procnias hirundinacea, Sw., Zool. illust., p. 21. P. cyanoteopus, Wied., It. I, 291. Tersina cærulea, Vieill., Gal., pl. 119. Hirundo viridis, Temm., Catesby." (Lesson 1838); "Tersina Vieillot, 1819, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., nouv. éd., 33, p. 401. Type, by monotypy, Tersina caerulea Vieillot = Hirundo viridis Illiger." (Storer in Peters 1970, XIII, 408). The Swallow Tanager, sometimes treated in a monotypic family, was so-named for its long, somewhat swallow-like wings, and broad, flat bill.
Var. Tercina.
Synon. Chelidorhamphus, Tersa.
viridis
L. viridis green < virere to be green.
● ex “Merle olive des grandes Indes” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 564, fig. 1 (syn. Acritillas indica).
● ex “Green Grakle” of Latham 1801 (syn. Ailuroedus crassirostris).
● ex “Porphyrio viridis” of Brisson 1760, “Poule-Sultane verte” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Green Gallinule” of Latham 1785 (?syn. Amaurornis akool).
● ex “Meunier de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 861 (syn. Amazona farinosa).
● ex “Grande pie-grièche verdâtre de Madagascar” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 374, and “Tcha-chert-bé” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (Artamella).
● ex “Olivert” of Levaillant 1803, pl. 125 (syn. Camaroptera brachyura).
● ex “Coucou verd d’Antigue” of Sonnerat 1776 (Centropus).
● ex “Tourterelle de Java” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 177 (syn. Chalcophaps indica).
● ex “Grimpereau verd de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 682, fig. 1 (= ♀) (syn. Chlorophanes spiza).
● ex “Grimpereau verd du cap de Bonne Espérance” of Sonnerat 1782 (syn. Cinnyris afer).
● ex “Habia verde” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 89 (Cyclarhis).
● ex “Yellow-brested Chat” of Catesby 1731, “Merula viridis carolinensis” of Brisson 1760, “Merle vert de la Caroline” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Chattering Fly-catcher” of Latham 17783, and Pennant 1785 (syn. Icteria virens).
● ex “Icterus minor viridis” of Brisson 1760, “Troupiale de Saint Domingue” or “Siffleur” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 236, fig. 1, and “Whistler-Oriole” of Latham 1782 (?syn. Icterus galbula).
● ex “Yellow-throated Oriole” (= ☼) of Pennant 1785 (?syn. Icterus galbula (see below)).
● ex “Gallinula brasiliensis” or “Jacana” of Willughby 1676 and Ray 1713, “Jacana” of Brisson 1760, “Jacana vert” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Green Jacana” of Latham 1785 (syn. Jacana spinosa).
● ex “Green Shrike” of Latham 1781 (syn. Leptopterus chabert).
● ex “Blue-green Paradise-bird” of Latham 1783 (syn. Manucodia chalybata).
● "57. MEROPS. ... viridis. 2. M. dorso ferrugineo, abdomine alisque viridibus, gula caudaque cæruleis. Ispida viridis, supra ferruginea. Osb. iter. 96. Merops viridis, supra ferruginea. Chin. lagerstr. 5. Merops benghalensis. Alb. av. 3. p. 29. t. 30. Merops minor, caudæ 2. pennis longioribus & tenuioribus. Edw. av. 183. t. 183. Habitat in Java, Benghala." (Linnaeus 1758) (Merops).
● ex “Green Grakle” of Latham 1801 (syn. Oriolus sagittatus).
● ex “Caracterizado verde y corona negra” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 210 (Pachyramphus).
● "54. PICUS. ... viridis. 7. P. viridis, vertice coccineo. Fn. svec. 80. Picus viridis. Gesn. av. 710. Aldr. ornith. l. 12. c. 34. Will. ornith. 93. t. 21. Raj. av. 42. Alb. av. I. p. 18. t. 18. Frisch. av. . . t. 35. f. 1. Habitat in Europa." (Linnaeus 1758) (Picus).
● ex “Courly d’Italie” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 819, and “Courlis vert” of de Buffon 1770-1786 (syn. Plegadis falcinellus).
● ex “Jacana” of Marcgrave 1648, and “Petite Poule-Sultane” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Porphyrula martinica).
● ex “Cassique vert de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 328 (Psarocolius).
● ex “Yellow-throated Oriole” of Pennant 1785 (?syn. Pseudoleistes guirahuro (see above)).
● ex "Barbu de Mahé" of d'Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 870, "Barbu vert" of de Buffon 1770-1786, and "Green Barbet" of Latham 1782 (Psilopogon).
● "46. RAMPHASTOS. ... viridis. 1. R. viridis, abdomine flavo, uropygio rubro. Tucana cajanensis viridis. Briss. av. 4. p. 423. t. 33. f. i. Tucan pectore flavo. Edw. av. 253. t. 329. Habitat in Cayana.." (Linnaeus 1766) (Pteroglossus).
● "104. COLUMBA. ... viridis. 23. C. ænea, corpore subtus purpuro-violaceo. Briss. av. 1. p. 152. t. 15. f. 2. Habitat in Amboina. Pedes rubent plumis semitecti. Br. Rostrum rubrum." (Linnaeus 1766) (Ptilinopus).
● ex “Malkoha Rouverdin” of Levaillant 1807, pl. 225 (syn. Rhamphococcyx curvirostris).
● ex “Green Partridge” of Latham 1783 (syn. Rollulus rouloul).
● ex “Râle de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 368; “The oldest name for this species is undoubtedly viridis of P. L. S. Müller, but I do not adopt it, as there is nothing green about the plumage of the bird” (Sharpe 1894) (to be fair to Statius Müller the plate by d’Aubenton does show a dark-olive-backed bird) (Rufirallus).
● ex "Pie-grièche Perrin" of Levaillant 1808: "Nous devons la connaissance de cette belle pie-grièche à M. Perrin, de Bordeaux" (Telophorus).
● ex “Gobe-mouche hupé du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 573, fig. 2 (Terpsiphone).
● ex “Hirondelle verte” of Temminck 1807 (Tersina).
● ex “Todier de Saint-Domingue” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 585, fig. 2 (syn. Todus subulatus).
● "61. TODUS. ... viridis. 1. T. viridis, pectore rubro. Todus viridis, pectore rubra, rostro recto. Brown. jam. 476. Briss. av. 4. p. 528. t. 41. f. 2. Rubecula viridis elegantissima. Sloan. jam. 2. p. 306. t.263. f. 1. Raj. av. 187. Edw. av. 121. t. 121. Habitat in America. Cauda rotundata." (Linnaeus 1766) (syn. Todus todus).
● "55. TROGON. ... viridis. 3. T. viridi aureus, subtus luteus, gula nigra. Trogon cayanensis viridis. Briss. av. 4. p. 168. t. 17. f. 1. β. Trogon cayanensis viridis, ventre candido. Briss. av. 4. p. 170. Habitat in Cayania. Fascia pectoralis viridi-aurea. An præcedentis varietas aut sexus? Rectrices in hoc genere XII." (Linnaeus 1766) (Trogon).
● ex “Green-winged Hornbill” of Latham 1787 (unident.; but not a hornbill Bucerotidae).
● ex “Green Coly” of Latham 1787 (unident.; but probably not a mousebird Coliidae).
● ex “Green Wagtail” of Brown 1776 and Latham 1783 (unident.).
● ex “Green Thrush” of Latham 1783 (unident.).
SUBSPECIES
Swallow Tanager (occidentalis)
Latin Name: Tersina viridis occidentalis
occidentale / occidentalis
L. occidentalis western < occidens, occidentis west < occidere to set. This toponym was frequently given to taxa discovered in locations west of previously known populations.
● Cocal, Western Andes, Colombia (Dysithamnus).
● Jamaica; ex “Onocrotalus” or “Pelecanus fuscus” of Sloane 1725, “Pelican of America” of Edwards 1747, and “Pelecanus” of Browne 1756 (Pelecanus).
● TL. Day Dawn, Western Australia; "Westralian Wedgebill" (Mathews 1912) (Psophodes).
Swallow Tanager (grisescens)
Latin Name: Tersina viridis grisescens
grisescens
Mod. L. griscescens, griscescentis greyish, somewhat grey < Med. L. griseum grey.
Swallow Tanager (viridis)
Latin Name: Tersina viridis viridis
viridis
L. viridis green < virere to be green.
● ex “Merle olive des grandes Indes” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 564, fig. 1 (syn. Acritillas indica).
● ex “Green Grakle” of Latham 1801 (syn. Ailuroedus crassirostris).
● ex “Porphyrio viridis” of Brisson 1760, “Poule-Sultane verte” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Green Gallinule” of Latham 1785 (?syn. Amaurornis akool).
● ex “Meunier de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 861 (syn. Amazona farinosa).
● ex “Grande pie-grièche verdâtre de Madagascar” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 374, and “Tcha-chert-bé” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (Artamella).
● ex “Olivert” of Levaillant 1803, pl. 125 (syn. Camaroptera brachyura).
● ex “Coucou verd d’Antigue” of Sonnerat 1776 (Centropus).
● ex “Tourterelle de Java” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 177 (syn. Chalcophaps indica).
● ex “Grimpereau verd de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 682, fig. 1 (= ♀) (syn. Chlorophanes spiza).
● ex “Grimpereau verd du cap de Bonne Espérance” of Sonnerat 1782 (syn. Cinnyris afer).
● ex “Habia verde” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 89 (Cyclarhis).
● ex “Yellow-brested Chat” of Catesby 1731, “Merula viridis carolinensis” of Brisson 1760, “Merle vert de la Caroline” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Chattering Fly-catcher” of Latham 17783, and Pennant 1785 (syn. Icteria virens).
● ex “Icterus minor viridis” of Brisson 1760, “Troupiale de Saint Domingue” or “Siffleur” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 236, fig. 1, and “Whistler-Oriole” of Latham 1782 (?syn. Icterus galbula).
● ex “Yellow-throated Oriole” (= ☼) of Pennant 1785 (?syn. Icterus galbula (see below)).
● ex “Gallinula brasiliensis” or “Jacana” of Willughby 1676 and Ray 1713, “Jacana” of Brisson 1760, “Jacana vert” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Green Jacana” of Latham 1785 (syn. Jacana spinosa).
● ex “Green Shrike” of Latham 1781 (syn. Leptopterus chabert).
● ex “Blue-green Paradise-bird” of Latham 1783 (syn. Manucodia chalybata).
● "57. MEROPS. ... viridis. 2. M. dorso ferrugineo, abdomine alisque viridibus, gula caudaque cæruleis. Ispida viridis, supra ferruginea. Osb. iter. 96. Merops viridis, supra ferruginea. Chin. lagerstr. 5. Merops benghalensis. Alb. av. 3. p. 29. t. 30. Merops minor, caudæ 2. pennis longioribus & tenuioribus. Edw. av. 183. t. 183. Habitat in Java, Benghala." (Linnaeus 1758) (Merops).
● ex “Green Grakle” of Latham 1801 (syn. Oriolus sagittatus).
● ex “Caracterizado verde y corona negra” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 210 (Pachyramphus).
● "54. PICUS. ... viridis. 7. P. viridis, vertice coccineo. Fn. svec. 80. Picus viridis. Gesn. av. 710. Aldr. ornith. l. 12. c. 34. Will. ornith. 93. t. 21. Raj. av. 42. Alb. av. I. p. 18. t. 18. Frisch. av. . . t. 35. f. 1. Habitat in Europa." (Linnaeus 1758) (Picus).
● ex “Courly d’Italie” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 819, and “Courlis vert” of de Buffon 1770-1786 (syn. Plegadis falcinellus).
● ex “Jacana” of Marcgrave 1648, and “Petite Poule-Sultane” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Porphyrula martinica).
● ex “Cassique vert de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 328 (Psarocolius).
● ex “Yellow-throated Oriole” of Pennant 1785 (?syn. Pseudoleistes guirahuro (see above)).
● ex "Barbu de Mahé" of d'Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 870, "Barbu vert" of de Buffon 1770-1786, and "Green Barbet" of Latham 1782 (Psilopogon).
● "46. RAMPHASTOS. ... viridis. 1. R. viridis, abdomine flavo, uropygio rubro. Tucana cajanensis viridis. Briss. av. 4. p. 423. t. 33. f. i. Tucan pectore flavo. Edw. av. 253. t. 329. Habitat in Cayana.." (Linnaeus 1766) (Pteroglossus).
● "104. COLUMBA. ... viridis. 23. C. ænea, corpore subtus purpuro-violaceo. Briss. av. 1. p. 152. t. 15. f. 2. Habitat in Amboina. Pedes rubent plumis semitecti. Br. Rostrum rubrum." (Linnaeus 1766) (Ptilinopus).
● ex “Malkoha Rouverdin” of Levaillant 1807, pl. 225 (syn. Rhamphococcyx curvirostris).
● ex “Green Partridge” of Latham 1783 (syn. Rollulus rouloul).
● ex “Râle de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 368; “The oldest name for this species is undoubtedly viridis of P. L. S. Müller, but I do not adopt it, as there is nothing green about the plumage of the bird” (Sharpe 1894) (to be fair to Statius Müller the plate by d’Aubenton does show a dark-olive-backed bird) (Rufirallus).
● ex "Pie-grièche Perrin" of Levaillant 1808: "Nous devons la connaissance de cette belle pie-grièche à M. Perrin, de Bordeaux" (Telophorus).
● ex “Gobe-mouche hupé du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 573, fig. 2 (Terpsiphone).
● ex “Hirondelle verte” of Temminck 1807 (Tersina).
● ex “Todier de Saint-Domingue” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 585, fig. 2 (syn. Todus subulatus).
● "61. TODUS. ... viridis. 1. T. viridis, pectore rubro. Todus viridis, pectore rubra, rostro recto. Brown. jam. 476. Briss. av. 4. p. 528. t. 41. f. 2. Rubecula viridis elegantissima. Sloan. jam. 2. p. 306. t.263. f. 1. Raj. av. 187. Edw. av. 121. t. 121. Habitat in America. Cauda rotundata." (Linnaeus 1766) (syn. Todus todus).
● "55. TROGON. ... viridis. 3. T. viridi aureus, subtus luteus, gula nigra. Trogon cayanensis viridis. Briss. av. 4. p. 168. t. 17. f. 1. β. Trogon cayanensis viridis, ventre candido. Briss. av. 4. p. 170. Habitat in Cayania. Fascia pectoralis viridi-aurea. An præcedentis varietas aut sexus? Rectrices in hoc genere XII." (Linnaeus 1766) (Trogon).
● ex “Green-winged Hornbill” of Latham 1787 (unident.; but not a hornbill Bucerotidae).
● ex “Green Coly” of Latham 1787 (unident.; but probably not a mousebird Coliidae).
● ex “Green Wagtail” of Brown 1776 and Latham 1783 (unident.).
● ex “Green Thrush” of Latham 1783 (unident.).
UPPERCASE: current genus
Uppercase first letter: generic synonym
● and ● See: generic homonyms
lowercase: species and subspecies
●: early names, variants, mispellings
‡: extinct
†: type species
Gr.: ancient Greek
L.: Latin
<: derived from
syn: synonym of
/: separates historical and modern geographic names
ex: based on
TL: type locality
OD: original diagnosis (genus) or original description (species)